Colloid &  Nanoscience  Journal

Colloid & Nanoscience Journal

From pristine to composite: nano-alumina as a versatile adsorbent for dye removal in water treatment

Document Type : Review Article

Author
Department of Chemistry, Farhangian University, Tehran, Iran
Abstract
Wastewater from textile and dyeing industries releases large amounts of synthetic dyes into the environment, creating serious ecological and health problems. This review begins with the idea that alumina-based nanomaterials (NMs) can be designed to improve dye removal from polluted water. To examine this idea, published studies were collected, compared, and grouped based on how the materials were made, how they work during adsorption, and how well they remove dyes. The reviewed research was organized into main areas including natural adsorption abilities of pristine NMs, improved adsorption through surface modification and added functional groups, alumina-based nanocomposites combined with metals, polymers, or carbon materials, nano-alumina used in membranes, and new hybrid adsorbents. The comparison shows that unmodified nano-alumina has moderate dye removal ability, mainly due to its surface hydroxyl groups and electrostatic interactions. However, when alumina is modified - through functionalization, doping, or forming composites - its adsorption capacity, selectivity, stability, and reusability increase significantly. Overall, the findings support the initial idea that engineered alumina-based nanomaterials are promising tools for advanced dye removal. This review provides a clear summary of current progress and highlights important research needs for developing more effective and sustainable water-treatment technologies.

Graphical Abstract

From pristine to composite: nano-alumina as a versatile adsorbent for dye removal in water treatment
Keywords

References:
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Volume 3, Issue 4
Autumn 2025
Pages 727-741

  • Receive Date 02 December 2025
  • Revise Date 11 December 2025
  • Accept Date 16 December 2025