Arak UniversityColloid & Nanoscience Journal2980-92153220250901The advantages of titanium dioxide nanoparticles: a review of improved magnesium composites for orthopedic applications57258473067510.61882/CNJ.3.2.572ENAbbasSaberiDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Arak University, Arak, IranElnazMomeni NasabDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, ST.B., Islamic Azad University, Tehran, IranZahraPakdaman LahijiDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, ST.B., Islamic Azad University, Tehran, IranMostafaIzadmehrDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Arak University, Arak, IranJournal Article20250503Magnesium (Mg) alloys have garnered significant attention as temporary biodegradable implants due to their excellent biodegradability and an elastic modulus similar to natural bone. However, their rapid corrosion in physiological environments, which leads to a premature loss of mechanical integrity, hinders their clinical application. To address this, titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO₂ NPs) have recently been explored as multifunctional reinforcing agents for Mg-based composites. In addition to activating key strengthening mechanisms, TiO₂ NPs can enhance antimicrobial performance and biocompatibility due to their intrinsic properties. This review examines recent advances in TiO₂ NPs-reinforced Mg composites, focusing on their effects on mechanical strength, corrosion resistance, biocompatibility, bone regeneration, and antibacterial efficacy. Finally, the current limitations and future prospects of these composites for biomedical applications are discussed.https://cnj.araku.ac.ir/article_730675_ccf6fb7abe0b2f9cb87a39a4d797d4de.pdfArak UniversityColloid & Nanoscience Journal2980-92153220250901Synthesis and characterization of a new series of polyimide- nanocomposite reinforced by modified layered silicate based on 3,3′,4,4′-biphenyl tetracarboxylic dianhydride58559473067610.61882/CNJ.3.2.585ENKhalilFaghihiDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Arak University, 38156-8-8349, Arak, Iran0000-0001-9884-1788MaryamKooshkiDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Arak University, 38156-8-8349, Arak, IranMohammad RezaEnayatDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Arak University, 38156-8-8349, Arak, IranJournal Article20250623In this research, three new reinforced nanocomposites polyimides films (9a-c) by modified organoclay (MMT) (8) varying from 1, 3 & 5 wt% were successfully prepared by in situ polymerization technique through the thermal imidization up to 200°C into a solution of N, N'-dimethyl acetamide (DMAc). Synthetic polyimide (4) that used as a matrix was prepared through the polycondensation reaction of 4,4´-diamino diphenyl sulfone (1) and 3,3′,4,4′-biphenyl tetracarboxylic dianhydride (BPDA) (2) into N, N'-dimethyl acetamide as solvent. Montmorillonite Na+-organoclay (MMT) (5) was modified via a cationic exchange method by the reaction between the sodium cations of Na+-MMT clay and quaternary alkyl ammonium ions of p-amino benzoic acid (6) (p-ABA) as intercalation agent. Resulting polyimide chains (4) diffused into the interlayer of modified organoclay layers (8) by intercalation polymerization technique. The resulting nanocomposite films (9a-c) containing 1, 3 & 5 wt% of modified organoclay prepared by casting method were characterized by Fourier-Transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, wide-angle powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results by thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) indicated shown a sharp increase into thermal stability of their nanocomposites as compared to pristine polyimide.https://cnj.araku.ac.ir/article_730676_b57bb3a47a60cde006bc73656641dcfb.pdfArak UniversityColloid & Nanoscience Journal2980-92153220250901Innovative green synthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles using Kelussia odoratissima Mozaff extract and their antimicrobial activity59560173148010.61882/CNJ.3.2.595ENAtefehSalehiDepartment of Chemistry, Qom University of Technology, Qom, IranSabahSalahvarziDepartment of Chemistry, Khor.C., Islamic Azad University, Khorramabad, Iran0000-0003-0965-0723Mohammad HadiMeshkatalsadatDepartment of Chemistry, Qom University of Technology, Qom, Iran0000-0002-0009-6132TayebehMomeniDepartment of Chemistry, Qom University of Technology, Qom, IranJournal Article20250830Nanotechnology utilizes green synthesis methods for the production of iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe oxide NPs), favored for their low cost and high efficiency in large-scale industrial applications. In this study, iron oxide NPs were synthesized via a simple biological method using the aqueous extract of Kelussia odoratissima Mozaff leaves. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy, which showed an absorption peak at 220 nm, consistent with previous reports of green-synthesized iron oxide NPs. FTIR analysis revealed characteristic peaks at 3430 cm⁻¹ (O-H), 590 cm⁻¹ (Fe-O), 1600 cm⁻¹ (C=C), and 900 cm⁻¹ (C–H out-of-plane bending vibrations), indicating the presence of functional groups responsible for nanoparticle formation and stabilization. SEM imaging showed spherical nanoparticles with an average size ranging from 27 to 33 nm. XRD patterns confirmed the crystalline hexagonal rhombohedral phase of α-Fe₂O₃ with main diffraction peaks at 24.1°, 33.2°, 35.6°, 49.5°, 54.1°, and 62.4°. The antimicrobial activity of the iron oxide NPs was tested against Escherichia coli and Candida albicans, revealing limited inhibition compared to the stronger effects observed with the original plant extract. These findings suggest that bioactive compounds in the Kelussia odoratissima extract play a significant role in antimicrobial activity, and further purification of the nanoparticles may enhance their efficacy.https://cnj.araku.ac.ir/article_731480_0303a001ee55172590364f87c6997ed5.pdfArak UniversityColloid & Nanoscience Journal2980-92153220250901Defect engineering and 2D/2D coupling in Mn- and B-doped BiVO4 and Ti3C2 nanostructures60260973148510.61882/CNJ.3.2.602ENMahjoobehBidueinezhadDepartment of Nanotechnology, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman, IranFaribaFathiradDepartment of Nanotechnology, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman, IranJournal Article20250819Doping is an effective method that modulates the electronic and optical properties of semiconductor nanomaterials through the addition of foreign atoms. In this work, bismuth vanadate (BiVO4) and titanium carbide (Ti3C2) MXene nanosheets were synthesized through facile solution processes. To elucidate the roles of defect engineering and 2D/2D interfacial coupling, a series of systems including Mn-BiVO4, B-Ti3C2, Ti₃C₂/BiVO4, Mn-BiVO4/Ti3C2, BiVO4/B-Ti3C2, and Mn-BiVO4/B-Ti3C2 were synthesized and characterized by XRD, FTIR, FESEM, and EDX. DRS results reveal that Mn and B doping, as well as the construction of the heterostructure, lower the optical band gap from 2.6 eV (pristine BiVO4/Ti3C2) to 2.4 eV (Mn-BiVO4/B-Ti3C2) and cause a redshift of ~30 nm in the absorption edge. XRD analysis confirms a lattice contraction of 0.41 Å in BiVO4 due to Mn doping and an expansion of 2.87 Å in Ti3C2 layers upon B doping. These controlled defect states and 2D/2D interfaces enhance charge separation and photoactivity, demonstrating the potential of Mn-BiVO4/B-Ti3C2 for photo-driven redox applications such as hydrogen evolution.https://cnj.araku.ac.ir/article_731485_8bdaf10fb7f17233dc3716dd69f93d0b.pdfArak UniversityColloid & Nanoscience Journal2980-92153220250901Downregulation of NLRP3 by synthesized nanoencapsulated quercetin in human monocyte-like macrophages61062173148610.61882/CNJ.3.2.610ENJalilMehrzadDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran0000-0001-8174-5431SepidehMoradkhaniDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, IranBitaFazelDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, IranFatemehAyaziDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, IranJavadMalakootikhahDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, IranAlirezaKhosraviDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, IranJournal Article20250905This study investigates the anti-inflammatory and pro-apoptotic properties of nanoencapsulated quercetin (QU) in a human monocyte-like macrophages (MLMs) model. Firstly, QU was purified using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Subsequently, the nanophytosome containing QU was prepared using the thin-film hydration method and its physicochemical properties were examined. Flow cytometry was conducted to analyze the apoptosis and necrosis of the MLMs. Also, gene expression of NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) in MLMs was done by quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). The HPLC analysis revealed a specific peak for QU at a retention time (RT) of 10.367 minutes. Moreover, the formulated nanoencapsulated QU physicochemical properties was with a size, polydispersity index (PDI), zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency (EE), loading capacity (LC) and 24-hour slow-release rate of <100 nm ~0.3, -35.7 mV, 95%, 69% and 21.95%, respectively. Further, flow cytometry confirmed the remarkable increased apoptosis (P< 0.0001) in MLMs treated with nanoencapsulated QU. Gene expression by qPCR showed marked down-regulation of the key pro-inflammatory marker, NLRP3 at mRRNA level. These findings highlight the potential of synthesizes nanophytosome QU as an anti-inflammatory and apoptosis-inducing factor in human immune cells, and thus pharmacotherapy and biomedicine.https://cnj.araku.ac.ir/article_731486_2b3aafabc20af7bf975e0af425cb47b3.pdfArak UniversityColloid & Nanoscience Journal2980-92153220250901Effect of initial temperature on the Efficiency of asphaltene adsorption onto lime nanoparticles: a molecular dynamics study62263873241410.61882/CNJ.3.2.622ENHosseinNamdariDepartment of Petroleum Engineering, Kho.C., Islamic Azad University, Khomeinishahr, IranMojtabaRahimiDepartment of Petroleum Engineering, Kho.C., Islamic Azad University, Khomeinishahr, Iran; Stone Research Center, Kho.C., Islamic Azad University, Khomeinishahr, Iran0000-0002-2567-0508Journal Article20250916Molecular dynamics simulations were employed to investigate the adsorption behavior of asphaltene molecules onto lime nanoparticles (NPs) in an aqueous medium. Initially, atomic models comprising asphaltene molecules and 20 wt% lime NPs were equilibrated for 10 ns. Following equilibration, the adsorption process was simulated over an additional 10 ns. The results demonstrated substantial adsorption of asphaltene molecules, with the maximum atomic density reaching 180.72 atoms/ų at the center of the simulation box, where the NPs were initially positioned. The interaction energy between lime NPs and asphaltene molecules increased progressively to approximately 0.047 kcal/mol, indicating enhanced interfacial interactions and the establishment of a thermodynamically stable configuration. Adsorption analysis revealed that approximately 69% of asphaltene molecules adhered to the NP surfaces within the first 7 nanoseconds, after which the adsorption process approached saturation. As the initial temperature increased, the maximum atomic density decreased. This reduction is attributed to the higher kinetic energy of the molecules, which allows them to move more freely and spread out within the system, resulting in a lower local density. Additionally, the interaction energy between NPs and asphaltene dropped from 0.047 to 0.031 kcal/mol, indicating a weakening of the attractive forces between these components at elevated temperatures. This decrease in interaction energy leads to reduced adhesion and weaker binding of asphaltene molecules to the NP surfaces. Finally, the asphaltene adsorption ratio declined from 69% to 56%, reflecting a lower degree of asphaltene adsorption onto the NPs as the temperature rises.https://cnj.araku.ac.ir/article_732414_8cd942659da92f0f8adbfc808caa0ee9.pdf